Circumstances
congenital / acute vs. chronic / locked / recurrent / traumatic vs. atraumatic / voluntary vs. involuntary / neuromuscular
TUBS – traumatic, unidirectional, Bankart, Surgery
AMBRII – atraumatic, multidirectional, bilateral, rehab initially, if surgery required – do inferior capsular shift and close rotator interval(+/-)
Degree of Instability
Dislocation / Subluxation / Apprehension
traumatic instability –> 10-20X increased risk of glenohumeral arthrosis.
Direction of Instability
ANTERIOR – abd, ext, er NB- ligs, anterior capsule, glenoid rim, rot. cuff
subcoracoid, subglenoid, subclavicular, intrathoracic, retroperitoneal
POSTERIOR – subacromial, subglenoid, subspinous
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frequently locked
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n.b. seizure, electrical shock — internal rotators overwhelm ext. rotators.
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missed 60% of time.
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axial load to adducted, int. rot arm
INFERIOR – n.b. luxatio erecta
also : superior, bliateral,
